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  <title>【学习笔记】一个用 Python 2 + SimPy 2 实现的 DiskSim - 诚实同学的博客</title>
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<meta property="og:title" content="【学习笔记】一个用 Python 2 + SimPy 2 实现的 DiskSim">
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  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) {
    --color-site-body: #121212;
    --color-read-bkg: #1f1f1f;
    --color-read-post: #262626;
    --color-site-bg: #1f1f1f;
    --color-site-inner: rgba(238,238,238,0.871);
    --color-site-footer: rgba(170,170,170,0.871);
    --color-card: #262626;
    --color-text: rgba(238,238,238,0.871);
    --color-block: #434343;
    --color-codeblock: #1f1f1f;
    --color-inlinecode: #d56d28;
    --color-h1: rgba(255,255,255,0.871);
    --color-h2: rgba(255,255,255,0.871);
    --color-h3: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
    --color-h4: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
    --color-h5: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
    --color-h6: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
    --color-p: rgba(217,217,217,0.871);
    --color-list: rgba(217,217,217,0.871);
    --color-list-hl: #63e0c4;
    --color-meta: rgba(191,191,191,0.871);
    --color-link: rgba(191,191,191,0.871);
    --color-copyright-bkg: #21252b;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) img {
    filter: brightness(70%) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) .blur {
    background: rgba(31,31,31,0.9) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) .white-box.blur {
    background: rgba(38,38,38,0.9) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) .nav-main .u-search-input {
    background: var(--color-card) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) #l_main .article .prev-next>a {
    background: var(--color-block) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) #l_main .article .prev-next>a:hover {
    background: var(--color-site-bg) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) .article blockquote {
    background: var(--color-block) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) .article-title a {
    color: var(--color-h1) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) details>summary {
    color: var(--color-p) !important;
    background: var(--color-site-bg) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) details {
    border: 1px solid var(--color-site-bg) !important;
    background: var(--color-site-bg) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) #u-search .modal,
  :root:not([color-scheme]) #u-search .modal-header,
  :root:not([color-scheme]) #u-search .modal-body {
    background: var(--color-card) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) #u-search .modal-body .modal-results .result:hover {
    background: var(--color-block) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) .u-search-input:hover {
    background: var(--color-block) !important;
  }
  :root:not([color-scheme]) .u-search-input:focus {
    background: var(--color-site-body) !important;
  }
}
[color-scheme='dark'] {
  --color-site-body: #121212;
  --color-read-bkg: #1f1f1f;
  --color-read-post: #262626;
  --color-site-bg: #1f1f1f;
  --color-site-inner: rgba(238,238,238,0.871);
  --color-site-footer: rgba(170,170,170,0.871);
  --color-card: #262626;
  --color-text: rgba(238,238,238,0.871);
  --color-block: #434343;
  --color-codeblock: #1f1f1f;
  --color-inlinecode: #d56d28;
  --color-h1: rgba(255,255,255,0.871);
  --color-h2: rgba(255,255,255,0.871);
  --color-h3: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  --color-h4: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  --color-h5: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  --color-h6: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  --color-p: rgba(217,217,217,0.871);
  --color-list: rgba(217,217,217,0.871);
  --color-list-hl: #63e0c4;
  --color-meta: rgba(191,191,191,0.871);
  --color-link: rgba(191,191,191,0.871);
  --color-copyright-bkg: #21252b;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] img {
  filter: brightness(70%) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] .blur {
  background: rgba(31,31,31,0.9) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] .white-box.blur {
  background: rgba(38,38,38,0.9) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] .nav-main .u-search-input {
  background: var(--color-card) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] #l_main .article .prev-next>a {
  background: var(--color-block) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] #l_main .article .prev-next>a:hover {
  background: var(--color-site-bg) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] .article blockquote {
  background: var(--color-block) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] .article-title a {
  color: var(--color-h1) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] details>summary {
  color: var(--color-p) !important;
  background: var(--color-site-bg) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] details {
  border: 1px solid var(--color-site-bg) !important;
  background: var(--color-site-bg) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] #u-search .modal,
[color-scheme='dark'] #u-search .modal-header,
[color-scheme='dark'] #u-search .modal-body {
  background: var(--color-card) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] #u-search .modal-body .modal-results .result:hover {
  background: var(--color-block) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] .u-search-input:hover {
  background: var(--color-block) !important;
}
[color-scheme='dark'] .u-search-input:focus {
  background: var(--color-site-body) !important;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  [color-scheme='dark'] .l_header .m_search {
    background: var(--color-site-bg) !important;
  }
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'UbuntuMono';
  src: url("https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/media/fonts/UbuntuMono/UbuntuMono-Regular.ttf");
  font-weight: 'normal';
  font-style: 'normal';
  font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'UbuntuMono';
  src: url("https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/media/fonts/UbuntuMono/UbuntuMono-Regular.ttf");
  font-weight: 'normal';
  font-style: 'normal';
  font-display: swap;
}
.l_header {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 1000;
  top: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 64px;
  background: var(--color-card);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
.l_header.auto {
  transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
  -webkit-transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
  -khtml-transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
  -moz-transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
  -o-transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
  -ms-transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
  visibility: hidden;
}
.l_header.auto.show {
  opacity: 1 !important;
  -webkit-opacity: 1 !important;
  -moz-opacity: 1 !important;
  visibility: visible;
}
.l_header .container {
  margin-left: 16px;
  margin-right: 16px;
}
.l_header #wrapper {
  height: 100%;
  user-select: none;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
}
.l_header #wrapper .nav-main,
.l_header #wrapper .nav-sub {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: -ms-flexbox /* TWEENER - IE 10 */;
  display: -webkit-flex /* NEW - Chrome */;
  display: flex /* NEW, Spec - Opera 12.1, Firefox 20+ */;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
  -webkit-flex-wrap: nowrap;
  -khtml-flex-wrap: nowrap;
  -moz-flex-wrap: nowrap;
  -o-flex-wrap: nowrap;
  -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap;
  justify-content: space-between;
  -webkit-justify-content: space-between;
  -khtml-justify-content: space-between;
  -moz-justify-content: space-between;
  -o-justify-content: space-between;
  -ms-justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
}
.l_header #wrapper .nav-main {
  transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
}
.l_header #wrapper.sub .nav-main {
  transform: translateY(-64px);
  -webkit-transform: translateY(-64px);
  -khtml-transform: translateY(-64px);
  -moz-transform: translateY(-64px);
  -o-transform: translateY(-64px);
  -ms-transform: translateY(-64px);
}
.l_header #wrapper .nav-sub {
  transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  opacity: 0;
  -webkit-opacity: 0;
  -moz-opacity: 0;
  height: 64px;
  width: calc(100% - 2 * 16px);
  position: absolute;
}
.l_header #wrapper .nav-sub ::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: none;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 2048px) {
  .l_header #wrapper .nav-sub {
    max-width: 55vw;
    margin: auto;
  }
}
.l_header #wrapper.sub .nav-sub {
  opacity: 1;
  -webkit-opacity: 1;
  -moz-opacity: 1;
}
.l_header #wrapper .title {
  position: relative;
  color: var(--color-text);
  padding-left: 24px;
  max-height: 64px;
}
.l_header #wrapper .nav-main .title {
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  line-height: 64px;
  padding: 0 24px;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-family: UbuntuMono, "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", Helvetica, Arial, Helvetica, monospace;
}
.l_header #wrapper .nav-main .title img {
  height: 64px;
}
.l_header .nav-sub {
  max-width: 1080px;
  margin: auto;
}
.l_header .nav-sub .title {
  font-weight: bold;
  font-family: UbuntuMono, "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", Helvetica, Arial, Menlo, Monaco, monospace, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.2;
  max-height: 64px;
  white-space: normal;
  flex-shrink: 1;
}
.l_header .switcher {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: none;
  line-height: 64px;
  align-items: center;
}
.l_header .switcher .s-toc {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: none;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .l_header .switcher .s-toc {
    display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
    display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
    display: -ms-flexbox /* TWEENER - IE 10 */;
    display: -webkit-flex /* NEW - Chrome */;
    display: flex /* NEW, Spec - Opera 12.1, Firefox 20+ */;
    display: flex;
  }
}
.l_header .switcher >li {
  height: 48px;
  transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  margin: 2px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .switcher >li {
    margin: 0 1px;
    height: 48px;
  }
}
.l_header .switcher >li >a {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: -ms-flexbox /* TWEENER - IE 10 */;
  display: -webkit-flex /* NEW - Chrome */;
  display: flex /* NEW, Spec - Opera 12.1, Firefox 20+ */;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  -webkit-justify-content: center;
  -khtml-justify-content: center;
  -moz-justify-content: center;
  -o-justify-content: center;
  -ms-justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  padding: 0.85em 1.1em;
  border-radius: 100px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 100px;
  border: none;
  transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  color: #3dd9b6;
}
.l_header .switcher >li >a:hover {
  border: none;
}
.l_header .switcher >li >a.active,
.l_header .switcher >li >a:active {
  border: none;
  background: var(--color-site-bg);
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .switcher >li >a {
    width: 36px;
    height: 48px;
  }
}
.l_header .nav-sub .switcher {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: -ms-flexbox /* TWEENER - IE 10 */;
  display: -webkit-flex /* NEW - Chrome */;
  display: flex /* NEW, Spec - Opera 12.1, Firefox 20+ */;
  display: flex;
}
.l_header .m_search {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: -ms-flexbox /* TWEENER - IE 10 */;
  display: -webkit-flex /* NEW - Chrome */;
  display: flex /* NEW, Spec - Opera 12.1, Firefox 20+ */;
  display: flex;
  height: 64px;
  width: 240px;
  transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .l_header .m_search {
    width: 44px;
    min-width: 44px;
  }
  .l_header .m_search input::placeholder {
    opacity: 0;
    -webkit-opacity: 0;
    -moz-opacity: 0;
  }
  .l_header .m_search:hover {
    width: 240px;
  }
  .l_header .m_search:hover input::placeholder {
    opacity: 1;
    -webkit-opacity: 1;
    -moz-opacity: 1;
  }
}
@media screen and (min-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .m_search:hover .input {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .l_header .m_search:hover .input::placeholder {
    opacity: 1;
    -webkit-opacity: 1;
    -moz-opacity: 1;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .m_search {
    min-width: 0;
  }
  .l_header .m_search input::placeholder {
    opacity: 1;
    -webkit-opacity: 1;
    -moz-opacity: 1;
  }
}
.l_header .m_search .form {
  position: relative;
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: -ms-flexbox /* TWEENER - IE 10 */;
  display: -webkit-flex /* NEW - Chrome */;
  display: flex /* NEW, Spec - Opera 12.1, Firefox 20+ */;
  display: flex;
  width: 100%;
  align-items: center;
}
.l_header .m_search .icon {
  position: absolute;
  width: 36px;
  left: 5px;
  color: var(--color-meta);
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .m_search .icon {
    display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
    display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
    display: none;
  }
}
.l_header .m_search .input {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: block;
  padding-top: 8px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  line-height: 1.3;
  width: 100%;
  color: var(--color-text);
  background: #fafafa;
  box-shadow: none;
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  padding-left: 40px;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 8px;
  border: none;
  transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .m_search .input:focus {
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .m_search .input {
    background: var(--color-block);
    padding-left: 8px;
    border: none;
  }
  .l_header .m_search .input:hover,
  .l_header .m_search .input:focus {
    border: none;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .m_search {
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: absolute;
    background: #fff;
    transition: all 0.28s ease;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
    -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
    -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
    -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
    -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  }
  .l_header .m_search .input {
    border-radius: 32px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 32px;
    margin-left: 16px;
    padding-left: 16px;
  }
  .l_header.z_search-open .m_search {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .l_header.z_search-open .m_search .input {
    width: calc(100% - 120px);
  }
}
ul.m-pc >li>a {
  color: inherit;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
}
ul.m-pc >li>a:active,
ul.m-pc >li>a.active {
  border-bottom: 2px solid #3dd9b6;
}
ul.m-pc li:hover >ul.list-v,
ul.list-v li:hover >ul.list-v {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: block;
}
ul.nav-list-h {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: -ms-flexbox /* TWEENER - IE 10 */;
  display: -webkit-flex /* NEW - Chrome */;
  display: flex /* NEW, Spec - Opera 12.1, Firefox 20+ */;
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
}
ul.nav-list-h>li {
  position: relative;
  justify-content: center;
  -webkit-justify-content: center;
  -khtml-justify-content: center;
  -moz-justify-content: center;
  -o-justify-content: center;
  -ms-justify-content: center;
  height: 100%;
  line-height: 2.4;
  border-radius: 4px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;
}
ul.nav-list-h>li >a {
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  font-weight: 600;
}
ul.list-v {
  z-index: 1;
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  background: var(--color-card);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), 0 4px 8px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), 0 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), 0 4px 8px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), 0 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  margin-top: -6px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;
  padding: 8px 0;
}
ul.list-v.show {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: block;
}
ul.list-v hr {
  margin-top: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
ul.list-v >li {
  white-space: nowrap;
  word-break: keep-all;
}
ul.list-v >li.header {
  font-size: 0.78125rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 2em;
  color: var(--color-meta);
  margin: 8px 16px 4px;
}
ul.list-v >li.header i {
  margin-right: 8px;
}
ul.list-v >li ul {
  margin-left: 0;
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: none;
  margin-top: -40px;
}
ul.list-v .aplayer-container {
  min-height: 64px;
  padding: 6px 16px;
}
ul.list-v >li>a {
  transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: block;
  color: var(--color-list);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 36px;
  padding: 0 20px 0 16px;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  margin: 0 4px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  ul.list-v >li>a {
    line-height: 40px;
  }
}
ul.list-v >li>a >i {
  margin-right: 8px;
}
ul.list-v >li>a:active,
ul.list-v >li>a.active {
  color: var(--color-list-hl);
}
ul.list-v >li>a:hover {
  color: var(--color-list-hl);
  background: var(--color-site-bg);
}
.l_header .menu >ul>li>a {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: block;
  padding: 0 8px;
}
.l_header .menu >ul>li>a >i {
  margin-right: 4px;
}
.l_header ul.nav-list-h>li {
  color: var(--color-list);
  line-height: 64px;
}
.l_header ul.nav-list-h>li >a {
  max-height: 64px;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: inherit;
}
.l_header ul.nav-list-h>li >a:active,
.l_header ul.nav-list-h>li >a.active {
  color: #3dd9b6;
}
.l_header ul.nav-list-h>li:hover>a {
  color: var(--color-list-hl);
}
.l_header ul.nav-list-h>li i.music {
  animation: rotate-effect 1.5s linear infinite;
  -webkit-animation: rotate-effect 1.5s linear infinite;
  -khtml-animation: rotate-effect 1.5s linear infinite;
  -moz-animation: rotate-effect 1.5s linear infinite;
  -o-animation: rotate-effect 1.5s linear infinite;
  -ms-animation: rotate-effect 1.5s linear infinite;
}
@-moz-keyframes rotate-effect {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(0);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(0);
    -moz-transform: rotate(0);
    -o-transform: rotate(0);
    -ms-transform: rotate(0);
  }
  25% {
    transform: rotate(90deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(90deg);
  }
  50% {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
  }
  75% {
    transform: rotate(270deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(270deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes rotate-effect {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(0);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(0);
    -moz-transform: rotate(0);
    -o-transform: rotate(0);
    -ms-transform: rotate(0);
  }
  25% {
    transform: rotate(90deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(90deg);
  }
  50% {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
  }
  75% {
    transform: rotate(270deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(270deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
@-o-keyframes rotate-effect {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(0);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(0);
    -moz-transform: rotate(0);
    -o-transform: rotate(0);
    -ms-transform: rotate(0);
  }
  25% {
    transform: rotate(90deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(90deg);
  }
  50% {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
  }
  75% {
    transform: rotate(270deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(270deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
@keyframes rotate-effect {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(0);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(0);
    -moz-transform: rotate(0);
    -o-transform: rotate(0);
    -ms-transform: rotate(0);
  }
  25% {
    transform: rotate(90deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(90deg);
  }
  50% {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(180deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
  }
  75% {
    transform: rotate(270deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(270deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(270deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -khtml-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -o-transform: rotate(360deg);
    -ms-transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
.menu-phone li ul.list-v {
  right: calc(100% - 0.5 * 16px);
}
.menu-phone li ul.list-v ul {
  right: calc(100% - 0.5 * 16px);
}
#wrapper {
  max-width: 1080px;
  margin: auto;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 2048px) {
  #wrapper {
    max-width: 55vw;
  }
}
#wrapper .menu {
  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
  -moz-box-flex: 1;
  -webkit-flex: 1 1;
  -ms-flex: 1 1;
  flex: 1 1;
  margin: 0 16px 0 0;
}
#wrapper .menu .list-v ul {
  left: calc(100% - 0.5 * 16px);
}
.menu-phone {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: none;
  margin-top: 16px;
  right: 8px;
  transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -khtml-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -moz-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -o-transition: all 0.28s ease;
  -ms-transition: all 0.28s ease;
}
.menu-phone ul {
  right: calc(100% - 0.5 * 16px);
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .menu-phone {
    display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
    display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
    display: block;
  }
}
.l_header {
  max-width: 65vw;
  left: calc((100% - 65vw) * 0.5);
  border-bottom-left-radius: 8px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 8px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 2048px) {
  .l_header {
    max-width: 1112px;
    left: calc((100% - 1112px) * 0.5);
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1112px) {
  .l_header {
    left: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    -webkit-border-radius: 0;
    max-width: 100%;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .container {
    margin-left: 0;
    margin-right: 0;
  }
  .l_header #wrapper .nav-main .title {
    padding-left: 16px;
    padding-right: 16px;
  }
  .l_header #wrapper .nav-sub {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .l_header #wrapper .nav-sub .title {
    overflow-y: scroll;
    margin-top: 2px;
    padding: 8px 16px;
  }
  .l_header #wrapper .switcher {
    display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
    display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
    display: -ms-flexbox /* TWEENER - IE 10 */;
    display: -webkit-flex /* NEW - Chrome */;
    display: flex /* NEW, Spec - Opera 12.1, Firefox 20+ */;
    display: flex;
    margin-right: 8px;
  }
  .l_header .menu {
    display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
    display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
    display: none;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .list-v li {
    max-width: 270px;
  }
}
#u-search {
  display: -webkit-box /* OLD - iOS 6-, Safari 3.1-6 */;
  display: -moz-box /* OLD - Firefox 19- (buggy but mostly works) */;
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  padding: 60px 20px;
  z-index: 1001;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 680px) {
  #u-search {
    padding: 0px;
  }
}
@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and (max-width: 500px) {
  .l_header .m_search {
    background: var(--color-site-bg) !important;
  }
}

  </style>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all';this.onload=null">
  <noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css"></noscript>
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<noscript>
	<style>
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			overflow-x: hidden !important;
			overflow-y: hidden !important;
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		.kill-noscript{
			text-align:center;
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    <p>学习一个用 Python 2 + SimPy 2 实现的 DiskSim 磁盘模拟器项目</p>
<span id="more"></span>
<p>项目包含两个脚本：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>DiskSim.py</code>：实现模拟器的主要功能</li>
<li><code>ReadQueue.py</code>：实现 ReadQueue 队列，根据算法调整</li>
</ul>
<p>项目环境为以下：</p>
<ul>
<li>Python 2.7</li>
<li>SimPy 2.3.1</li>
<li>numpy 1.7.1</li>
<li>matplotlib 1.2.1 (no support for Python 3+)</li>
</ul>
<p>打算按照这个项目进行修改，从 Python 2 + SimPy 2 迁移至 Python 3 + SimPy 4，并添加其他的功能</p>
<div class="story post-story"><h2 id="fcfssstfelevatorscan-磁盘调度算法">FCFS、SSTF、Elevator/SCAN 磁盘调度算法</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>参考<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40212930/article/details/105393493">图解五种磁盘调度算法, FCFS, SSTF, SCAN, C-SCAN, LOOK</a></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="fcfs">FCFS</h3>
<p>先来先服务（FCFS）算法。虽然这种算法比较公平，但是它通常并不提供最快的服务。</p>
<p>磁盘队列 I/O 请求块的柱面的顺序：98,183,37,122,14,124,65,67</p>
<p>调度如下图：</p>
<p><img src="./fig01.png" class="lazyload" data-srcset="./fig01.png" srcset="" /></p>
<p>从 122 到 14 再到 124 的大摆动说明了这种调度的问题。如果对柱面 37 和 14 的请求一起处理，不管是在 122 和 124 之前或之后，总的磁头移动会大大减少，并且性能也会因此得以改善。</p>
<h3 id="sstf-最短寻道优先">SSTF 最短寻道优先</h3>
<p>SSTF 算法<font color="red">选择处理距离当前磁头位置的最短寻道时间的请求。换句话说，SSTF 选择最接近磁头位置的待处理请求。</font></p>
<p>对于上面请求队列的示例，与开始磁头位置（53）的最近请求位于柱面 65。一旦位于柱面 65，下个最近请求位于柱面 67。从那里，由于柱面 37 比 98 还要近，所以下次处理 37。如此，会处理位于柱面 14 的请求，接着 98，122，124，最后183（图 2）。这种调度算法的磁头移动只有 236 个柱面。</p>
<p><img src="./fig02.png" class="lazyload" data-srcset="./fig02.png" srcset="" /></p>
<p>SSTF 调度本质上是一种最短作业优先（SJF）调度；与 SJF 调度一样，它可能会导致一些请求的饥饿。假设在队列中有两个请求，分别针对柱面 14 和 186，而当处理来自 14 的请求时，另一个靠近 14 的请求来了，这个新的请求会下次处理，这样位于 186 的请求需要等待。而当这样的新的请求足够多的话，186 的请求就得不到服务。</p>
<p>SSTF 的算法并非最优。从 53 到 37 再到 14，移动的柱面总数更少，为 208。</p>
<h3 id="elevatorscan">Elevator/SCAN</h3>
<p>磁臂从磁盘的一端开始，向另一端移动；在移过每个柱面时，处理请求。当到达磁盘的另一端时，磁头移动方向反转，并继续处理。磁头连续来回扫描磁盘。</p>
<p>如图所示。在采用 SCAN 来调度柱面 98、183、37、122、14、124、65 和 67 的请求之前，除了磁头的当前位置，还需知道磁头的移动方向。</p>
<p><img src="./fig03.png" class="lazyload" data-srcset="./fig03.png" srcset="" /></p>
<p>假设磁头朝 0 移动并且磁头初始位置还是 53，磁头接下来处理 37，然后 14。在柱面 0 时，磁头会反转，移向磁盘的另一端，并处理柱面 65、67、98、122、124、183（图 3）上的请求。如果请求刚好在磁头前方加入队列，则它几乎马上就会得到服务；如果请求刚好在磁头后方加入队列，则它必须等待，直到磁头移到磁盘的另一端，反转方向，并返回。</p>
<h3 id="c-scan">C-SCAN</h3>
<h3 id="look">LOOK</h3>
</div><div class="story post-story"><h2 id="disksim.py">DiskSim.py</h2>
<p>实现模拟器的主要功能</p>
<details>
<p><summary>完整代码</summary></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span 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class="line">152</span><br><span class="line">153</span><br><span class="line">154</span><br><span class="line">155</span><br><span class="line">156</span><br><span class="line">157</span><br><span class="line">158</span><br><span class="line">159</span><br><span class="line">160</span><br><span class="line">161</span><br><span class="line">162</span><br><span class="line">163</span><br><span class="line">164</span><br><span class="line">165</span><br><span class="line">166</span><br><span class="line">167</span><br><span class="line">168</span><br><span class="line">169</span><br><span class="line">170</span><br><span class="line">171</span><br><span class="line">172</span><br><span class="line">173</span><br><span class="line">174</span><br><span class="line">175</span><br><span class="line">176</span><br><span class="line">177</span><br><span class="line">178</span><br><span class="line">179</span><br><span class="line">180</span><br><span class="line">181</span><br><span class="line">182</span><br><span class="line">183</span><br><span class="line">184</span><br><span class="line">185</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> SimPy.Simulation <span class="keyword">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> random <span class="keyword">import</span> expovariate</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> argparse</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> ReadQueue</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> numpy <span class="keyword">as</span> np</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> matplotlib.pyplot <span class="keyword">as</span> plt</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">MOV_TIME = <span class="number">.4</span></span><br><span class="line">NUM_ALGS = <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line">NUM_TESTS = <span class="number">4</span></span><br><span class="line">BYTES_PER_SEC = <span class="number">256</span></span><br><span class="line">SECTORS = <span class="number">128</span></span><br><span class="line">DISK_REQUESTS = <span class="number">1000</span></span><br><span class="line">MEAN_READ_LENGTH = <span class="number">4</span></span><br><span class="line">MAXTIME = <span class="number">1000000.0</span></span><br><span class="line">        </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Controller</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Process</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;Disk controller generates DISK_REQUESTS # of requests for read head, </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    distributed uniformly with average interarrival time specified by the user.&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">generate</span>(<span class="params">self, mean</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(DISK_REQUESTS):</span><br><span class="line">            req = ReadRequest(name=<span class="string">&quot;Request%03d&quot;</span> % (i), sim=self.sim)</span><br><span class="line">            self.sim.activate(req, req.request())</span><br><span class="line">            nextReq = random.uniform(<span class="number">0</span>, mean*<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (i == <span class="number">100</span>):</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.byteMon.reset()</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.seekMon.reset()</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.accessMon.reset()</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.rotMon.reset()</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.diskMov.reset()</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">yield</span> hold, self, nextReq</span><br><span class="line">            </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">ReadRequest</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Process</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;ReadRequest class simulates a disk head read request sent to the arm&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">request</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        self.trackNum = <span class="built_in">int</span>(random.uniform(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">100</span>))</span><br><span class="line">        readLength = expovariate(<span class="number">1.0</span>/MEAN_READ_LENGTH)</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.byteMon.observe(readLength*BYTES_PER_SEC)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">yield</span> request,self,self.sim.head,self.trackNum</span><br><span class="line">        trackDis = <span class="built_in">abs</span>(self.sim.head.pos - self.trackNum)</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.diskMov.observe(trackDis)</span><br><span class="line">        seekTime = trackDis * MOV_TIME</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.seekMon.observe(seekTime)</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.head.pos = self.trackNum</span><br><span class="line">        rotTime = (<span class="built_in">float</span>(SECTORS)/<span class="built_in">float</span>(self.sim.head.diskRpm)) * readLength</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.rotMon.observe(rotTime)</span><br><span class="line">        accessTime = seekTime + rotTime</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.accessMon.observe(accessTime)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">yield</span> hold,self,accessTime</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">yield</span> release,self,self.sim.head</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">DiskSim</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Simulation</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;Main Simulation class. Accepts command line input from the user, specifying</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    which algorithm to run, the average inter arrival time, and the maximum rpm </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    speed of the disk. Optionally, a test mode can be invoked to test all variants</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    and graphically display their results.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    Usage from command line:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    python DiskSim.py -a FCFS -i 25 -r 7000</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    ---</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    python DiskSim.py -test True</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;Constructor for DiskSim simulation&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=<span class="string">&#x27;Hard Disk Simulation&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        parser.add_argument(<span class="string">&#x27;-test&#x27;</span>,default=<span class="literal">False</span>,<span class="built_in">help</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;test mode will run through</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        the 12 standard test for the disk simulator.&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        parser.add_argument(<span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, choices=[<span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>],default=<span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>, </span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">help</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;the algorithm used by the read head when selecting the next </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        sector. Choices are FCFS, SSF, or SCAN. Default is FCFS&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        parser.add_argument(<span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>, default=<span class="number">5</span>, <span class="built_in">type</span>=<span class="built_in">int</span>, <span class="built_in">help</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;average inter-arrival</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        times of disk requests. Will be uniformly distributed; default is 150&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        parser.add_argument(<span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, default=<span class="number">7200</span>, <span class="built_in">type</span>=<span class="built_in">int</span>, <span class="built_in">help</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;maximum rotations </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        per minute achieveable by the hard disk. Default is 7200&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        args = parser.parse_args()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (args.test):</span><br><span class="line">            runTests()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;\nAlgorithm: %s&quot;</span>%args.a)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Inter-arrival: %d&quot;</span>%args.i)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Disk RPM: %d&quot;</span>%args.r)</span><br><span class="line">        self.initialize()</span><br><span class="line">        self.accessMon = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Access time (Seek + Rotation)&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.seekMon = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Seek time&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.rotMon = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Rotational latency monitor&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.diskMov = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Disk arm movement&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.byteMon = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Total bytes read&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.head = Resource(name=<span class="string">&quot;ReadHead&quot;</span>,qType= ReadQueue.ReadQ, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.head.algorithm = args.a</span><br><span class="line">        self.head.diskRpm = args.r</span><br><span class="line">        self.head.pos = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">        controller = Controller(<span class="string">&#x27;Controller&#x27;</span>,sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.activate(controller, controller.generate(mean=args.i), at=<span class="number">0.0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        self.simulate(until=MAXTIME)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Average seek time: %f&quot;</span> %self.seekMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Average rotational latency: %F&quot;</span>%self.rotMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Average access time: %f&quot;</span>%self.accessMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Total seek time: %f&quot;</span>%self.accessMon.total())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Total disk arm movement: %d&quot;</span>%self.diskMov.total())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Throughput: %f&quot;</span>%(self.byteMon.total()/self.now()))</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Total execution time: %f&quot;</span>%self.now())</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">runTests</span>():</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;Testing method invoked from user command line option. Tests all the</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    algorithms with all possible standard specifications and displays results</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    to the command line. Also provides a graphical representation of test </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    results.&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">    sims = []</span><br><span class="line">    rects = []</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;10000&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;10000&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;10000&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;7200&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;7200&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;7200&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;10000&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;10000&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;10000&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;7200&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;7200&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    sys.argv=[<span class="string">&#x27;DiskSim&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;7200&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    sims.append(DiskSim())</span><br><span class="line">    ind = np.arange(<span class="number">4</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    width = <span class="number">0.30</span></span><br><span class="line">    fig = plt.figure()</span><br><span class="line">    ax = fig.add_subplot(<span class="number">111</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    f_res = [[]*NUM_TESTS <span class="keyword">for</span> x <span class="keyword">in</span> xrange(NUM_ALGS)]</span><br><span class="line">    s_res = [[]*NUM_TESTS <span class="keyword">for</span> x <span class="keyword">in</span> xrange(NUM_ALGS)]</span><br><span class="line">    e_res = [[]*NUM_TESTS <span class="keyword">for</span> x <span class="keyword">in</span> xrange(NUM_ALGS)]</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">4</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        f_res[<span class="number">0</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">0</span>)].seekMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        f_res[<span class="number">1</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">0</span>)].rotMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        f_res[<span class="number">2</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">0</span>)].byteMon.total()/sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">0</span>)].now())</span><br><span class="line">        s_res[<span class="number">0</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">1</span>)].seekMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        s_res[<span class="number">1</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">1</span>)].rotMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        s_res[<span class="number">2</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">1</span>)].byteMon.total()/sims[(<span class="number">3</span>*i+<span class="number">1</span>)].now())</span><br><span class="line">        e_res[<span class="number">0</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">2</span>)].seekMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        e_res[<span class="number">1</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">2</span>)].rotMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        e_res[<span class="number">2</span>].append(sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">2</span>)].byteMon.total()/sims[(NUM_ALGS*i+<span class="number">2</span>)].now())</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width), f_res[<span class="number">0</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;red&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width*<span class="number">2</span>), s_res[<span class="number">0</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;green&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width*<span class="number">3</span>), e_res[<span class="number">0</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;blue&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_ylabel(<span class="string">&#x27;Milliseconds&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_title(<span class="string">&#x27;Average Seek Time&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_xticks(ind+width*<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_xticklabels((<span class="string">&#x27;150/10000&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150/7200&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5/10000&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5/7200&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    ax.legend((rects[<span class="number">0</span>][<span class="number">0</span>],rects[<span class="number">1</span>][<span class="number">0</span>],rects[<span class="number">2</span>][<span class="number">0</span>]), (<span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;Elevator/SCAN&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    plt.show()</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Rotational Latency Display</span></span><br><span class="line">    fig = plt.figure()</span><br><span class="line">    ax = fig.add_subplot(<span class="number">111</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width), f_res[<span class="number">1</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;red&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width*<span class="number">2</span>), s_res[<span class="number">1</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;green&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width*<span class="number">3</span>), e_res[<span class="number">1</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;blue&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_ylabel(<span class="string">&#x27;Milliseconds&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_title(<span class="string">&#x27;Average Rotational Latency&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_xticks(ind+width*<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_xticklabels((<span class="string">&#x27;150/10000&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150/7200&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5/10000&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5/7200&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    ax.legend((rects[<span class="number">0</span>][<span class="number">0</span>],rects[<span class="number">1</span>][<span class="number">0</span>],rects[<span class="number">2</span>][<span class="number">0</span>]), (<span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;Elevator/SCAN&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    plt.show()</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Throughput Display</span></span><br><span class="line">    fig = plt.figure()</span><br><span class="line">    ax = fig.add_subplot(<span class="number">111</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width), f_res[<span class="number">2</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;red&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width*<span class="number">2</span>), s_res[<span class="number">2</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;green&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    rects.append(ax.bar((ind+width*<span class="number">3</span>), e_res[<span class="number">2</span>], width, color=<span class="string">&#x27;blue&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_ylabel(<span class="string">&#x27;Milliseconds&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_title(<span class="string">&#x27;Average Throughput&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_xticks(ind+width*<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    ax.set_xticklabels((<span class="string">&#x27;150/10000&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;150/7200&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5/10000&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;5/7200&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    ax.legend((rects[<span class="number">0</span>][<span class="number">0</span>],rects[<span class="number">1</span>][<span class="number">0</span>],rects[<span class="number">2</span>][<span class="number">0</span>]), (<span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;Elevator/SCAN&#x27;</span>))</span><br><span class="line">    plt.show()</span><br><span class="line">    sys.exit()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> __name__ == <span class="string">&quot;__main__&quot;</span>:</span><br><span class="line">    DiskSim()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</details>
<h3 id="定义全局变量">定义全局变量</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 导入库</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> SimPy.Simulation <span class="keyword">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> random <span class="keyword">import</span> expovariate</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> argparse</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 编写的脚本</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> ReadQueue</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> numpy <span class="keyword">as</span> np</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> matplotlib.pyplot <span class="keyword">as</span> plt</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># </span></span><br><span class="line">MOV_TIME = <span class="number">.4</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># </span></span><br><span class="line">NUM_ALGS = <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># </span></span><br><span class="line">NUM_TESTS = <span class="number">4</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 每秒读取的字节数</span></span><br><span class="line">BYTES_PER_SEC = <span class="number">256</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 扇区大小</span></span><br><span class="line">SECTORS = <span class="number">128</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 磁盘请求数</span></span><br><span class="line">DISK_REQUESTS = <span class="number">1000</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 平均读取长度</span></span><br><span class="line">MEAN_READ_LENGTH = <span class="number">4</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 模拟时长</span></span><br><span class="line">MAXTIME = <span class="number">1000000.0</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="controller-类">Controller 类</h3>
<p>磁盘控制器产生读磁头请求的 DISK_REQUESTS，以用户指定的平均到达时间均匀分布。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Controller</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Process</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">generate</span>(<span class="params">self, mean</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(DISK_REQUESTS):</span><br><span class="line">            req = ReadRequest(name=<span class="string">&quot;Request%03d&quot;</span> % (i), sim=self.sim)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment"># 产生请求</span></span><br><span class="line">            self.sim.activate(req, req.request())</span><br><span class="line">            nextReq = random.uniform(<span class="number">0</span>, mean*<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (i == <span class="number">100</span>):</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.byteMon.reset()</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.seekMon.reset()</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.accessMon.reset()</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.rotMon.reset()</span><br><span class="line">                self.sim.diskMov.reset()</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">yield</span> hold, self, nextReq</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="readrequest-类">ReadRequest 类</h3>
<p>ReadRequest 类模拟发送到 arm 的磁盘头读取请求</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">ReadRequest</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Process</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">request</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        self.trackNum = <span class="built_in">int</span>(random.uniform(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">100</span>))</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 返回：随机 index 分布浮点数</span></span><br><span class="line">        readLength = expovariate(<span class="number">1.0</span>/MEAN_READ_LENGTH)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 读取的总字节数</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.byteMon.observe(readLength*BYTES_PER_SEC)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">yield</span> request,self,self.sim.head,self.trackNum</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 磁道的移动距离</span></span><br><span class="line">        trackDis = <span class="built_in">abs</span>(self.sim.head.pos - self.trackNum)</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.diskMov.observe(trackDis)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 寻道时间</span></span><br><span class="line">        seekTime = trackDis * MOV_TIME</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.seekMon.observe(seekTime)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 磁头移动到磁道位置</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.head.pos = self.trackNum</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 磁盘旋转时间</span></span><br><span class="line">        rotTime = (<span class="built_in">float</span>(SECTORS)/<span class="built_in">float</span>(self.sim.head.diskRpm)) * readLength</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.rotMon.observe(rotTime)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 请求响应时间 = 寻道时间 + 磁盘旋转时间</span></span><br><span class="line">        accessTime = seekTime + rotTime</span><br><span class="line">        self.sim.accessMon.observe(accessTime)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">yield</span> hold,self,accessTime</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 请求完毕，release</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">yield</span> release,self,self.sim.head</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="disksim-类">DiskSim 类</h3>
<p>主模拟类。接受用户的命令行输入，指定运行哪种算法、平均到达时间和磁盘最大 rpm 速度。</p>
<p>可选地，可以调用测试模式来测试所有参数，并以图形方式显示它们的结果。</p>
<p>Usage from command line：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">python DiskSim.py -a FCFS -i 25 -r 7000</span><br><span class="line">python DiskSim.py -<span class="built_in">test</span> True</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">DiskSim</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Simulation</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># Constructor for DiskSim simulation</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 1. 创建一个 ArgumentParser 对象。description: 帮助信息</span></span><br><span class="line">        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=<span class="string">&#x27;Hard Disk Simulation&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 2. 添加参数</span></span><br><span class="line">        parser.add_argument(<span class="string">&#x27;-test&#x27;</span>,default=<span class="literal">False</span>,<span class="built_in">help</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;test mode will run through</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        the 12 standard test for the disk simulator.&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        parser.add_argument(<span class="string">&#x27;-a&#x27;</span>, choices=[<span class="string">&#x27;FCFS&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>,<span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>],default=<span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>, </span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">help</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;the algorithm used by the read head when selecting the next </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        sector. Choices are FCFS, SSF, or SCAN. Default is FCFS&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        parser.add_argument(<span class="string">&#x27;-i&#x27;</span>, default=<span class="number">5</span>, <span class="built_in">type</span>=<span class="built_in">int</span>, <span class="built_in">help</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;average inter-arrival</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        times of disk requests. Will be uniformly distributed; default is 150&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        parser.add_argument(<span class="string">&#x27;-r&#x27;</span>, default=<span class="number">7200</span>, <span class="built_in">type</span>=<span class="built_in">int</span>, <span class="built_in">help</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;maximum rotations </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        per minute achieveable by the hard disk. Default is 7200&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 3. 解析参数</span></span><br><span class="line">        args = parser.parse_args()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (args.test):</span><br><span class="line">            runTests()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 以上是设置输入参数</span></span><br><span class="line">        </span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 打印参数</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;\nAlgorithm: %s&quot;</span>%args.a)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Inter-arrival: %d&quot;</span>%args.i)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Disk RPM: %d&quot;</span>%args.r)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># SimPy 2 的环境初始化</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.initialize()</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># SimPy 2 Monitor 监视器</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.accessMon = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Access time (Seek + Rotation)&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.seekMon = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Seek time&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.rotMon = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Rotational latency monitor&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.diskMov = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Disk arm movement&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        self.byteMon = Monitor(<span class="string">&#x27;Total bytes read&#x27;</span>, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># qType 设置队列的类型，作者进行了 readqueue 的重新实现</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># qType 类的实现可以参照 SimPy 中的源码</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.head = Resource(name=<span class="string">&quot;ReadHead&quot;</span>,qType= ReadQueue.ReadQ, sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 设置 算法、rpm、磁头位置等参数</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.head.algorithm = args.a</span><br><span class="line">        self.head.diskRpm = args.r</span><br><span class="line">        self.head.pos = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># Controller 类上面自己定义的产生 disk requests</span></span><br><span class="line">        controller = Controller(<span class="string">&#x27;Controller&#x27;</span>,sim=self)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 生成 disk requests</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.activate(controller, controller.generate(mean=args.i), at=<span class="number">0.0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        self.simulate(until=MAXTIME)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Average seek time: %f&quot;</span> %self.seekMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Average rotational latency: %F&quot;</span>%self.rotMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Average access time: %f&quot;</span>%self.accessMon.mean())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Total seek time: %f&quot;</span>%self.accessMon.total())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Total disk arm movement: %d&quot;</span>%self.diskMov.total())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Throughput: %f&quot;</span>%(self.byteMon.total()/self.now()))</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Total execution time: %f&quot;</span>%self.now())</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="simpy-2-monitor-类">SimPy 2 Monitor 类</h3>
<p>监控变量的类，即允许收集简单统计信息的变量。 Monitor 是列表的子类，可以对其执行列表操作。使用 <code>m=Monitor(name='...')</code> 建立对象。 可以为其指定一个唯一的名称，用于调试和跟踪，以及用于标记图形的 ylab 和 tlab 字符串。</p>
<p>成员函数：</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>setHistogram(self, name, low, high, nbins)</code>：设置直方图参数；需要在 <code>getHistogram()</code> 前调用</p></li>
<li><p><code>observe(self, y, t)</code>：记录 y 和 t</p></li>
<li><p><code>reset(self, t)</code>：重置变量的总和和计数</p></li>
<li><p><code>total(self)</code>：y 的总和</p></li>
<li><p><code>mean(self)</code>：变量的简单平均</p></li>
<li><p><code>getHistogram(self)</code>：返回一个直方图对象；需要在 <code>setHistogram()</code> 后调用</p></li>
<li><p><code>printHistogram(self, fmt)</code>：输出直方图，fmt 为格式；需要在 <code>setHistogram()</code> 后调用</p></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="runtests-函数">runTests() 函数</h3>
<p>略</p>
</div><div class="story post-story"><h2 id="readqueue.py">ReadQueue.py</h2>
<p>实现 ReadQueue 队列，根据算法调整</p>
<details>
<p><summary>完整代码</summary></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> SimPy.Lib <span class="keyword">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">MAX_PRIORITY = <span class="number">200</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Creates enum functionality</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">enum</span>(<span class="params">**enums</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">type</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Enum&#x27;</span>, (), enums)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Dir = enum(FORWARD=<span class="number">1</span>, BACK=<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">ReadQ</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Queue</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;ReadQueue simulates the internal request queue&#x27;ing capabilities of the</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    heard disk read head. Queues used and priority depend on specified </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    algorithm&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self, res, moni</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;Constructor for ReadQ data structure&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.direction = Dir.FORWARD</span><br><span class="line">        Queue.__init__(self, res, moni)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">enter</span>(<span class="params">self, obj</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;Add a read request to the waiting queue. Called by Simulator.&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.append(obj)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> self.monit:</span><br><span class="line">            self.moni.observe(<span class="built_in">len</span>(self),t = self.moni.sim.now())</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">scanDistance</span>(<span class="params">self, read</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;Prioritizes reads according to the SCAN/ELEVATOR algorithm&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.direction == Dir.FORWARD):</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.pos &gt; read.trackNum):</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">return</span> (MAX_PRIORITY-read.trackNum)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> read.trackNum</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">elif</span> (self.direction == Dir.BACK):</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.pos &lt; read.trackNum):</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">return</span> (MAX_PRIORITY+read.trackNum)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> -read.trackNum</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">leave</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;Determines which read to service next according to algorithm, and </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        returns it. Changes the direction of reads when appropriate for SCAN</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        algorithm. Called by Simulator.&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.algorithm == <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>):</span><br><span class="line">            self.sort(key=<span class="keyword">lambda</span> read: <span class="built_in">abs</span>(read.trackNum-self.resource.pos))</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">elif</span> (self.resource.algorithm == <span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>):</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.direction == Dir.FORWARD):</span><br><span class="line">                self.sort(key=self.scanDistance)</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.pos &gt; self[<span class="number">0</span>].trackNum):</span><br><span class="line">                    self.direction = Dir.BACK</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">elif</span> (self.direction == Dir.BACK):</span><br><span class="line">                self.sort(key=self.scanDistance)</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.pos &lt; self[<span class="number">0</span>].trackNum):</span><br><span class="line">                    self.direction = Dir.FORWARD</span><br><span class="line">        ele = self.pop(<span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> self.monit:</span><br><span class="line">            self.moni.observe(<span class="built_in">len</span>(self),t = self.moni.sim.now())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> ele</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</details>
<h3 id="定义全局变量-1">定义全局变量</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 最大优先级 200</span></span><br><span class="line">MAX_PRIORITY = <span class="number">200</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="定义枚举">定义枚举</h3>
<p>定义了一个函数。可以用 Enum 和类来实现枚举数据类型：<code>class MyEnum(Enum):</code>。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 磁头方向</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">enum</span>(<span class="params">**enums</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">type</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Enum&#x27;</span>, (), enums)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Dir = enum(FORWARD=<span class="number">1</span>, BACK=<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="readq-类">ReadQ 类</h3>
<p>ReadQueue 模拟磁盘读磁头的内部请求排队功能。使用的队列和优先级取决于指定的算法</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 仿照 SimPy 的 FIFO 类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">ReadQ</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Queue</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    ReadQueue 模拟磁盘读磁头的内部请求排队功能。使用的队列和优先级取决于指定的算法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self, res, moni</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># 初始磁头方向为前进</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.direction = Dir.FORWARD</span><br><span class="line">        Queue.__init__(self, res, moni)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">enter</span>(<span class="params">self, obj</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        加入一个 read request 到 wait queue 中</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        由 Simulator 调用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        &quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.append(obj)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> self.monit:</span><br><span class="line">            self.moni.observe(<span class="built_in">len</span>(self),t = self.moni.sim.now())</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># 自定义的函数</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">scanDistance</span>(<span class="params">self, read</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        根据 SCAN/ELEVATOR 算法确定读取优先级</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        数值越小、优先级越高</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        如果要读取的 trackNum 与当前磁头移动方向一致，优先级更高；否则优先级更低</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        &quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># trackNum ~ (0, 100)</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.direction == Dir.FORWARD):</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.pos &gt; read.trackNum):</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># MAX_PRIORITY-trackNum ~ (100, 200)</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">return</span> (MAX_PRIORITY-read.trackNum)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> read.trackNum</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">elif</span> (self.direction == Dir.BACK):</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.pos &lt; read.trackNum):</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># MAX_PRIORITY+trackNum ~ (200, 300)</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">return</span> (MAX_PRIORITY+read.trackNum)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> -read.trackNum</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">leave</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        根据算法确定下一个要服务的 read 并返回</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        在 SCAN 算法的情况下更改读取方向</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        由 Simulator 调用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        &quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># FCFS 直接根据进入 Queue 顺序</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># SSF 根据 trackNum 距离磁头的位置进行 read 排序</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.algorithm == <span class="string">&#x27;SSF&#x27;</span>):</span><br><span class="line">            self.sort(key=<span class="keyword">lambda</span> read: <span class="built_in">abs</span>(read.trackNum-self.resource.pos))</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># SCAN 根据磁头方向以及 scanDistance() 中确定的优先级进行 read 排序</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">elif</span> (self.resource.algorithm == <span class="string">&#x27;SCAN&#x27;</span>):</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.direction == Dir.FORWARD):</span><br><span class="line">                self.sort(key=self.scanDistance)</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># self[0] ==&gt; self.__getItem__(0)</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># ReadQueue 类继承自 Queue 类继承自 list 类，list 类中有 __getItem__() 函数</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># 这里不是达到磁盘的 track 一端再反向，</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># 而是当磁头位置大于/小于数值最小（优先级最高）时反向</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.pos &gt; self[<span class="number">0</span>].trackNum):</span><br><span class="line">                    <span class="comment"># 反向</span></span><br><span class="line">                    self.direction = Dir.BACK</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">elif</span> (self.direction == Dir.BACK):</span><br><span class="line">                self.sort(key=self.scanDistance)</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> (self.resource.pos &lt; self[<span class="number">0</span>].trackNum):</span><br><span class="line">                    <span class="comment"># 反向</span></span><br><span class="line">                    self.direction = Dir.FORWARD</span><br><span class="line">        ele = self.pop(<span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> self.monit:</span><br><span class="line">            self.moni.observe(<span class="built_in">len</span>(self),t = self.moni.sim.now())</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> ele</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

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        <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#fcfssstfelevatorscan-%E7%A3%81%E7%9B%98%E8%B0%83%E5%BA%A6%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">FCFS、SSTF、Elevator&#x2F;SCAN 磁盘调度算法</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#fcfs"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">FCFS</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#sstf-%E6%9C%80%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%BB%E9%81%93%E4%BC%98%E5%85%88"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">SSTF 最短寻道优先</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#elevatorscan"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">Elevator&#x2F;SCAN</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#c-scan"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">C-SCAN</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#look"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">LOOK</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#disksim.py"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">DiskSim.py</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">定义全局变量</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#controller-%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">Controller 类</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#readrequest-%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">ReadRequest 类</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#disksim-%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-number">2.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">DiskSim 类</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#simpy-2-monitor-%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-number">2.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">SimPy 2 Monitor 类</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#runtests-%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="toc-number">2.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">runTests() 函数</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#readqueue.py"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">ReadQueue.py</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F-1"><span class="toc-number">3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">定义全局变量</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E6%9E%9A%E4%B8%BE"><span class="toc-number">3.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">定义枚举</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#readq-%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-number">3.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">ReadQ 类</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
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  // 页面选择器 将dom对象缓存起来 see: /source/js/app.js etc.
  volantis.dom.bodyAnchor = volantis.dom.$(document.getElementById("safearea")); // 页面主体
  volantis.dom.topBtn = volantis.dom.$(document.getElementById('s-top')); // 向上
  volantis.dom.wrapper = volantis.dom.$(document.getElementById('wrapper')); // 整个导航栏
  volantis.dom.coverAnchor = volantis.dom.$(document.querySelector('#l_cover .cover-wrapper')); // 1个
  volantis.dom.switcher = volantis.dom.$(document.querySelector('#l_header .switcher .s-search')); // 搜索按钮   移动端 1个
  volantis.dom.header = volantis.dom.$(document.getElementById('l_header')); // 移动端导航栏
  volantis.dom.search = volantis.dom.$(document.querySelector('#l_header .m_search')); // 搜索框 桌面端 移动端 1个
  volantis.dom.mPhoneList = volantis.dom.$(document.querySelectorAll('#l_header .m-phone .list-v')); //  手机端 子菜单 多个
</script>

<script>
  
  volantis.css("https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/libs/@fortawesome/fontawesome-pro/css/all.min.css");
  
  
  
</script>

<!-- required -->


<!-- internal -->

<script src="/js/app.js"></script>





  













<div id="rightmenu-wrapper">
  <ul class="list-v rightmenu" id="rightmenu-content">
    
  <li class='navigation menuNavigation-Content'>


    <a class="nav icon-only fix-cursor-default" onclick="history.back()"><i class="fa-duotone fa-arrow-left PETERRIVE fa-fw"></i></a>



    <a class="nav icon-only fix-cursor-default" onclick="history.forward()"><i class="fa-duotone fa-arrow-right PETERRIVE fa-fw"></i></a>



    <a class="nav icon-only fix-cursor-default" onclick="window.location.reload()"><i class="fa-duotone fa-redo PETERRIVE fa-fw"></i></a>



    <a class="nav icon-only fix-cursor-default" onclick="VolantisApp.scrolltoElement(volantis.dom.bodyAnchor)"><i class="fa-duotone fa-arrow-up PETERRIVE fa-fw"></i></a>


  </li>


    <hr class="menuLoad-Content" >



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="copyPaste" data-event="copyPaste" data-group="inputBox">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-paste fa-fw"></i>
      粘贴文本
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="copyAll" data-event="copyAll" data-group="inputBox">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-object-ungroup fa-fw"></i>
      全选文本
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="copyCut" data-event="copyCut" data-group="inputBox">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-cut fa-fw"></i>
      剪切文本
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="copyText" data-event="copyText" data-group="seletctText">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-copy fa-fw"></i>
      复制文本
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="searchWord" data-event="OpenSearch(__text__)" data-group="seletctText">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-search fa-fw"></i>
      站内搜索
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="bingSearch" data-event="window.open(`https://cn.bing.com/search?q=${__text__}`)" data-group="seletctText">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-search fa-fw"></i>
      必应搜索
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="openTab" data-event="window.open(__link__)" data-group="elementCheck">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-external-link-square-alt fa-fw"></i>
      新标签页打开
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="copyLink" data-event="copyLink" data-group="elementCheck">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-link fa-fw"></i>
      复制链接地址
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="copyImg" data-event="copyImg" data-group="elementImage">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-image fa-fw"></i>
      复制图片
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="googleImg" data-event="window.open(`https://www.google.com/searchbyimage?image_url=${__link__}`)" data-group="elementImage">
      <i class="fa-duotone PETERRIVE fa-images fa-fw"></i>
      谷歌识图
    </span>
  </li>



    <hr class="menuLoad-Content" >



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="prev" data-event="volantis.rightmenu.jump('prev')" data-group="prevNext">
      <i class="fa-duotone fa-angles-left PETERRIVE fa-fw"></i>
      查看上一篇
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="next" data-event="volantis.rightmenu.jump('next')" data-group="prevNext">
      <i class="fa-duotone fa-angles-right PETERRIVE fa-fw"></i>
      查看下一篇
    </span>
  </li>



    <hr class="menuLoad-Content" >



    <hr class="menuLoad-Content" >



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="darkMode" data-event="volantis.dark.toggle()" data-group="darkMode">
      <i class="fa-duotone fa-eclipse-alt WISTERIA fa-fw"></i>
      暗黑模式
    </span>
  </li>



    <hr class="menuLoad-Content" >



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="printMode" data-event="printMode" data-group="articlePage">
      <i class="fa-duotone fa-print TURQUOISE fa-fw"></i>
      打印页面
    </span>
  </li>



  <li class="menuLoad-Content">
    <span class="vlts-menu fix-cursor-default event" id="readMode" data-event="readMode" data-group="articlePage">
      <i class="fa-duotone fa-book-open EMERALD fa-fw"></i>
      阅读模式
    </span>
  </li>



    <hr class="menuLoad-Content" >


  </ul>
</div>
<script src="/js/plugins/rightMenus.js"></script>
<script>
  const RightMenusFunction = {};
  












  //RightMenusFunction['copyPaste'] = (fun) => {fun()}





  //RightMenusFunction['copyAll'] = (fun) => {fun()}





  //RightMenusFunction['copyCut'] = (fun) => {fun()}





  //RightMenusFunction['copyText'] = (fun) => {fun()}





  RightMenusFunction['searchWord'] = (__text__) => {OpenSearch(__text__)}





  RightMenusFunction['bingSearch'] = (__text__) => {window.open(`https://cn.bing.com/search?q=${__text__}`)}





  RightMenusFunction['openTab'] = (__link__) => {window.open(__link__)}





  //RightMenusFunction['copyLink'] = (fun) => {fun()}





  //RightMenusFunction['copyImg'] = (fun) => {fun()}





  RightMenusFunction['googleImg'] = (__link__) => {window.open(`https://www.google.com/searchbyimage?image_url=${__link__}`)}







  RightMenusFunction['prev'] = () => {volantis.rightmenu.jump('prev')}





  RightMenusFunction['next'] = () => {volantis.rightmenu.jump('next')}









  RightMenusFunction['darkMode'] = () => {volantis.dark.toggle()}







  //RightMenusFunction['printMode'] = (fun) => {fun()}





  //RightMenusFunction['readMode'] = (fun) => {fun()}





</script>



<!-- rightmenu要在darkmode之前（ToggleButton） darkmode要在comments之前（volantis.dark.push）-->

  <script>
const rootElement = document.documentElement;
const darkModeStorageKey = "color-scheme";
const rootElementDarkModeAttributeName = "color-scheme";
const setLS = (k, v) => {
    localStorage.setItem(k, v);
};
const removeLS = (k) => {
    localStorage.removeItem(k);
};
const getLS = (k) => {
    return localStorage.getItem(k);
};
const getModeFromCSSMediaQuery = () => {
  return window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches
    ? "dark"
    : "light";
};
const resetRootDarkModeAttributeAndLS = () => {
  rootElement.removeAttribute(rootElementDarkModeAttributeName);
  removeLS(darkModeStorageKey);
};
const validColorModeKeys = {
  dark: true,
  light: true,
};
const applyCustomDarkModeSettings = (mode) => {
  const currentSetting = mode || getLS(darkModeStorageKey);
  getCustomDarkMode();
  if (currentSetting === getModeFromCSSMediaQuery()) {
    resetRootDarkModeAttributeAndLS();
  } else if (validColorModeKeys[currentSetting]) {
    rootElement.setAttribute(rootElementDarkModeAttributeName, currentSetting);
  } else {
    resetRootDarkModeAttributeAndLS();
  }
};
const invertDarkModeObj = {
  dark: "light",
  light: "dark",
};
/**
 * get target mode
 */
 const getCustomDarkMode = () => {
  let currentSetting = getLS(darkModeStorageKey);
  if (validColorModeKeys[currentSetting]) {
    currentSetting = invertDarkModeObj[currentSetting];
  } else if (currentSetting === null) {
    currentSetting = invertDarkModeObj[getModeFromCSSMediaQuery()];
  } else {
    return;
  }
  if(currentSetting=="dark"){
    volantis.dark.mode="light";
  }else{
    volantis.dark.mode="dark";
  }
  // console.log(volantis.dark.mode)
};
const toggleCustomDarkMode = () => {
  let currentSetting = getLS(darkModeStorageKey);
  if (validColorModeKeys[currentSetting]) {
    currentSetting = invertDarkModeObj[currentSetting];
  } else if (currentSetting === null) {
    currentSetting = invertDarkModeObj[getModeFromCSSMediaQuery()];
  } else {
    return;
  }
  setLS(darkModeStorageKey, currentSetting);
  return currentSetting;
};
/**
 * 暗黑模式触发器
 */
volantis.dark.toggle=()=>{
  const mode = toggleCustomDarkMode();
  applyCustomDarkModeSettings(mode);
  // 使用 volantis.dark.push 方法传入volantis.dark.toggle回调函数 参见layout/_partial/scripts/global.ejs
  volantis.dark.method.toggle.start();
}
/**
 * bind event for toggle button
 */

function bindToggleButton() {
  var btn= document.querySelectorAll("#wrapper .toggle-mode-btn,#rightmenu-wrapper .toggle-mode-btn")
  btn.forEach(function (e) {
    volantis.dom.$(e).on('click',volantis.dark.toggle);
  })
}
applyCustomDarkModeSettings();
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", ()=>{
  volantis.requestAnimationFrame(bindToggleButton)
});
volantis.pjax.push(bindToggleButton);

const darkModelListeners={
  dark:(mediaQueryList )=>{
    if(mediaQueryList.matches){
      volantis.dark.mode = "dark";
    }
    volantis.dark.method.toggle.start();
  },
  light:(mediaQueryList)=>{
    if(mediaQueryList.matches){
      volantis.dark.mode = "light";
    }
    volantis.dark.method.toggle.start();
  }
}
window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').addListener(darkModelListeners.dark)
window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: light)').addListener(darkModelListeners.light)
</script>




<script>
  function loadIssuesJS() {
    
      const sites_api = document.getElementById('sites-api');
      if (sites_api != undefined && typeof SitesJS === 'undefined') {
        volantis.js("/js/plugins/tags/sites.js")
      }
    
    
      const friends_api = document.getElementById('friends-api');
      if (friends_api != undefined && typeof FriendsJS === 'undefined') {
        volantis.js("/js/plugins/tags/friends.js")
      }
    
    
      const contributors_api = document.getElementById('contributors-api');
      if (contributors_api != undefined && typeof ContributorsJS === 'undefined') {
        volantis.js("/js/plugins/tags/contributors.js")
      }
    
  };
  loadIssuesJS()
  volantis.pjax.push(()=>{
    loadIssuesJS();
  })

</script>




  <script defer src="https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/libs/vanilla-lazyload/dist/lazyload.min.js"></script>
<script>
  // https://www.npmjs.com/package/vanilla-lazyload
  // Set the options globally
  // to make LazyLoad self-initialize
  window.lazyLoadOptions = {
    elements_selector: ".lazyload",
    threshold: 0
  };
  // Listen to the initialization event
  // and get the instance of LazyLoad
  window.addEventListener(
    "LazyLoad::Initialized",
    function (event) {
      window.lazyLoadInstance = event.detail.instance;
    },
    false
  );
  document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
    lazyLoadInstance.update();
  });
  document.addEventListener('pjax:complete', function () {
    lazyLoadInstance.update();
  });
</script>




  

<script>
  window.FPConfig = {
	delay: 0,
	ignoreKeywords: ["#"],
	maxRPS: 6,
	hoverDelay: 0
  };
</script>
<script defer src="https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/libs/flying-pages/flying-pages.min.js"></script>





   <script type="text/javascript">
  function pjax_scrollrebeal() {
    ScrollReveal().reveal("#l_main .reveal", {
      distance: "32px",
      duration: "800",
      interval: "20",
      scale: "1",
      easing: "ease-out",
    });
  }
  function init_scrollrebeal() {
    if (typeof ScrollReveal == "undefined") {
      volantis.requestAnimationFrame(init_scrollrebeal);
    } else {
      pjax_scrollrebeal();
    }
  }
  volantis.js("https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/libs/scrollreveal/dist/scrollreveal.min.js");
  document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", init_scrollrebeal);
  volantis.pjax.push(
    pjax_scrollrebeal,
    "pjax_scrollrebeal",
    (setRequestAnimationFrame = false)
  );
</script>










  <script defer src="https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/libs/busuanzi/js/busuanzi.pure.mini.js" data-pjax></script>


<!-- optional -->

  <script>
  const SearchServiceDataPathRoot = ("/" || "/").endsWith("/") ?
    "/" || "/" :
    "//" || "/";
  const SearchServiceDataPath = SearchServiceDataPathRoot + "content.json";

  function loadSearchScript() {
    // see: layout/_partial/scripts/_ctrl/cdnCtrl.ejs
    return volantis.js("/js/search/hexo.js");
  }

  function loadSearchService() {
    loadSearchScript();
    document.querySelectorAll(".input.u-search-input").forEach((e) => {
      e.removeEventListener("focus", loadSearchService, false);
    });

    document.querySelectorAll(".u-search-form").forEach((e) => {
      e.addEventListener("submit", (event) => {
        event.preventDefault();
      }, false);
    });
  }

  // 打开并搜索 字符串 s
  function OpenSearch(s) {
    if (typeof SearchService === 'undefined')
      loadSearchScript().then(() => {
        SearchService.setQueryText(s);
        SearchService.search();
      });
    else {
      SearchService.setQueryText(s);
      SearchService.search();
    }
  }

  // 访问含有 ?s=xxx  的链接时打开搜索 // 与搜索引擎 structured data 相关: /scripts/helpers/structured-data/lib/config.js
  if (window.location.search && /^\?s=/g.test(window.location.search)) {
    let queryText = decodeURI(window.location.search)
      .replace(/\ /g, "-")
      .replace(/^\?s=/g, "");
    OpenSearch(queryText);
  }

  // 搜索输入框获取焦点时加载搜索
  document.querySelectorAll(".input.u-search-input").forEach((e) => {
    e.addEventListener("focus", loadSearchService, false);
  });
</script>







  <script>



  function pjax_highlightjs_copyCode(){
    if (!(document.querySelector(".highlight .code pre") ||
      document.querySelector(".article pre code"))) {
      return;
    }
    VolantisApp.utilCopyCode(".highlight .code pre, .article pre code")
  }
  volantis.requestAnimationFrame(pjax_highlightjs_copyCode)
  volantis.pjax.push(pjax_highlightjs_copyCode)

</script>










  <script>
  let imgs = ["/images/covers/cover08.webp","/images/covers/cover07.webp","/images/covers/cover05.webp","/images/covers/cover10.webp","/images/covers/cover06.webp","/images/covers/cover01.webp","/images/covers/cover04.webp","/images/covers/cover02.webp","/images/covers/cover03.webp","/images/covers/cover09.webp"];
  let index = 0;
  let IntervalParallax = null;

  function parallax(){
    let ParallaxWindow = document.querySelector("#parallax-window");
    
    Parallax.window = ParallaxWindow;
    Parallax.options.fade = 500;
    Parallax.cache = 1;
    next_parallax();
    Parallax.init();
    if (imgs.length>1) {
      IntervalParallax = setInterval(function () {
        next_parallax();
      }, '60000');
    }
  }

  function next_parallax() {
    if (typeof Parallax == "undefined") {
      return
    }
    
      if (!document.querySelector("#full")&&!document.querySelector("#half")) {
        return
      }
    
    if (imgs.length>=1) {
      Parallax.options.src = imgs[index % imgs.length];
      Parallax.start();
      index++;
      if (Parallax.cache) {
        fetch(imgs[index % imgs.length] +"?t=" + new Date().getTime());
        if (index == imgs.length) {
          Parallax.cache = 0;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  var runningOnBrowser = typeof window !== "undefined";
  var isBot = runningOnBrowser && !("onscroll" in window) || typeof navigator !== "undefined" && /(gle|ing|ro|msn)bot|crawl|spider|yand|duckgo/i.test(navigator.userAgent);
  if (!isBot) {
    volantis.js('/js/plugins/parallax.js').then(()=>{
      parallax()
    })
    volantis.pjax.send(()=>{
      clearInterval(IntervalParallax)
    },"clearIntervalParallax");
    volantis.pjax.push(parallax);
  }
</script>




  <script>
  function load_swiper() {
    if (!document.querySelectorAll(".swiper-container")[0]) return;
    volantis.css("https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/libs/swiper/swiper-bundle.min.css");
    volantis.js("https://unpkg.com/volantis-static@0.0.1654736714924/libs/swiper/swiper-bundle.min.js").then(() => {
      pjax_swiper();
    });
  }

  load_swiper();

  function pjax_swiper() {
    volantis.swiper = new Swiper('.swiper-container', {
      slidesPerView: 'auto',
      spaceBetween: 8,
      centeredSlides: true,
      loop: true,
      pagination: {
        el: '.swiper-pagination',
        clickable: true,
      },
      navigation: {
        nextEl: '.swiper-button-next',
        prevEl: '.swiper-button-prev',
      },
    });
  }

  volantis.pjax.push(() => {
    if (!document.querySelectorAll(".swiper-container")[0]) return;
    if (typeof volantis.swiper === "undefined") {
      load_swiper();
    } else {
      pjax_swiper();
    }
  });
</script>


<!-- pjax 标签必须存在于所有页面 否则 pjax error -->
<pjax>

</pjax>

<script>
  function listennSidebarTOC() {
    const navItems = document.querySelectorAll(".toc li");
    if (!navItems.length) return;
    let targets = []
    const sections = [...navItems].map((element) => {
      const link = element.querySelector(".toc-link");
      const target = document.getElementById(
        decodeURI(link.getAttribute("href")).replace("#", "")
      );
      targets.push(target)
      // 解除 a 标签 href 的 锚点定位, a 标签 href 的 锚点定位 会随机启用?? 产生错位???
      link.setAttribute("onclick","return false;")
      link.setAttribute("toc-action","toc-"+decodeURI(link.getAttribute("href")).replace("#", ""))
      link.setAttribute("href","/")
      // 配置 点击 触发新的锚点定位
      link.addEventListener("click", (event) => {
        event.preventDefault();
        // 这里的 addTop 是通过错位使得 toc 自动展开.
        volantis.scroll.to(target,{addTop: 5, observer:true})
        // Anchor id
        history.pushState(null, document.title, "#" + target.id);
      });
      return target;
    });

    function activateNavByIndex(target) {
      if (target.classList.contains("active-current")) return;

      document.querySelectorAll(".toc .active").forEach((element) => {
        element.classList.remove("active", "active-current");
      });
      target.classList.add("active", "active-current");
      let parent = target.parentNode;
      while (!parent.matches(".toc")) {
        if (parent.matches("li")) parent.classList.add("active");
        parent = parent.parentNode;
      }
    }

    // 方案一：
    volantis.activateNavIndex=0
    activateNavByIndex(navItems[volantis.activateNavIndex])
    volantis.scroll.push(()=>{
      if (targets[0].getBoundingClientRect().top >= 0) {
        volantis.activateNavIndex = 0
      }else if (targets[targets.length-1].getBoundingClientRect().top < 0) {
        volantis.activateNavIndex = targets.length-1
      } else {
        for (let index = 0; index < targets.length; index++) {
          const target0 = targets[index];
          const target1 = targets[(index+1)%targets.length];
          if (target0.getBoundingClientRect().top < 0&&target1.getBoundingClientRect().top >= 0) {
            volantis.activateNavIndex=index
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      activateNavByIndex(navItems[volantis.activateNavIndex])
    })

    // 方案二：
    // IntersectionObserver 不是完美精确到像素级别 也不是低延时性的
    // function findIndex(entries) {
    //   let index = 0;
    //   let entry = entries[index];
    //   if (entry.boundingClientRect.top > 0) {
    //     index = sections.indexOf(entry.target);
    //     return index === 0 ? 0 : index - 1;
    //   }
    //   for (; index < entries.length; index++) {
    //     if (entries[index].boundingClientRect.top <= 0) {
    //       entry = entries[index];
    //     } else {
    //       return sections.indexOf(entry.target);
    //     }
    //   }
    //   return sections.indexOf(entry.target);
    // }
    // function createIntersectionObserver(marginTop) {
    //   marginTop = Math.floor(marginTop + 10000);
    //   let intersectionObserver = new IntersectionObserver(
    //     (entries, observe) => {
    //       let scrollHeight = document.documentElement.scrollHeight;
    //       if (scrollHeight > marginTop) {
    //         observe.disconnect();
    //         createIntersectionObserver(scrollHeight);
    //         return;
    //       }
    //       let index = findIndex(entries);
    //       activateNavByIndex(navItems[index]);
    //     }, {
    //       rootMargin: marginTop + "px 0px -100% 0px",
    //       threshold: 0,
    //     }
    //   );
    //   sections.forEach((element) => {
    //     element && intersectionObserver.observe(element);
    //   });
    // }
    // createIntersectionObserver(document.documentElement.scrollHeight);
  }

  document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", ()=>{
    volantis.requestAnimationFrame(listennSidebarTOC)
  });
  document.addEventListener("pjax:success", ()=>{
    volantis.requestAnimationFrame(listennSidebarTOC)
  });
</script>


  <script>
  try {
    // https://web.dev/content-visibility/
    // https://www.caniuse.com/?search=content-visibility
    // https://infrequently.org/2020/12/content-visibility-scroll-fix/
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